Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery: What It Is, Its Benefits, and How It Works

Robotic knee replacement surgery is a modern technique used to treat knee osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis).

This procedure, also known as knee arthroplasty, involves replacing the damaged joint with an artificial one, using advanced technology.

What is knee replacement surgery?

Knee replacement surgery is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic procedures to relieve pain and improve mobility in people with joint wear and tear.

There are several techniques for implanting a knee prosthesis:

• Traditional techniques

• Navigation systems

• Customized instruments

• Robotic-assisted surgery

The prosthesis can be:

• Total – complete replacement of the knee

• Partial – replacement of only part of the joint

Does robotic surgery replace the doctor?

No. Robotic technology does not replace the orthopedic surgeon.

The doctor is responsible for:

• Defining the surgical plan

• Choosing the type of prosthesis

• Performing the surgery

The robot functions as a tool that:

• Assists with bone cutting

• Increases precision

• Always operates under the surgeon’s control

Digital Surgical Planning

One of the major advantages of robotic surgery is personalized planning prior to the operation.

This planning can be done in two ways:

• With a CT scan (Computed Tomography): analysis of the images to determine the size and position of the prosthesis

• Without a CT scan: by mapping the knee during surgery to create a 3D model

The surgeon always tailors the plan to each patient’s specific characteristics.

Benefits of robotic knee surgery

Knee replacement is already considered a safe procedure. With robotic technology, there may be additional benefits such as:

• Greater precision in prosthesis alignment
• Less postoperative pain
• Faster recovery
• Less tissue trauma
• Potential reduction in the risk of complications

In addition, treatment becomes more personalized.

Who is a candidate for this surgery?

Robotic knee surgery may be recommended for people with:

• Advanced knee osteoarthritis
• Persistent pain
• Difficulty walking
• A significant impact on quality of life

Preparation is similar to that for traditional surgery.

Robotic Surgery vs. Traditional Surgery

Compared to conventional techniques, robotic surgery can offer:

1. Greater precision

2. Better postoperative recovery

3. Less pain

4. Reduced risk of complications

• A surgeon who specializes in knee surgery

• With experience in robotic surgery